See chthonius on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "ctonio"
},
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Chthonius"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "grc:χθόνιος<t:in or under the ground><id:underground>",
"id": "underworldly",
"text": "+",
"title": "chthonius",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-ōm\nProto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm\nProto-Hellenic *kʰtʰṓn\nAncient Greek χθών (khthṓn)\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nAncient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos)\nAncient Greek χθόνιος (khthónios)bor.\nLatin chthonius\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"underground\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"earth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"earth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"earth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeǵʰ-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ōm\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰéǵʰōm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*kʰtʰṓn\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χθών\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χθόνιος\", \"gloss\" : \"in or under the ground\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"chthonius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"underworldly\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"chthonius\" id=\"Latin:_underworldly\">\nBorrowed from Ancient Greek χθόνιος (khthónios, “in or under the ground”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-ōm\nProto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm\nProto-Hellenic *kʰtʰṓn\nAncient Greek χθών (khthṓn)\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nAncient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos)\nAncient Greek χθόνιος (khthónios)bor.\nLatin chthonius\nBorrowed from Ancient Greek χθόνιος (khthónios, “in or under the ground”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chthonia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonium",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonius",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniī",
"links": [
[
"chthoniī",
"chthonii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniī",
"links": [
[
"chthoniī",
"chthonii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniī",
"links": [
[
"chthoniī",
"chthonii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniōrum",
"links": [
[
"chthoniōrum",
"chthoniorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniārum",
"links": [
[
"chthoniārum",
"chthoniarum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniōrum",
"links": [
[
"chthoniōrum",
"chthoniorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniō",
"links": [
[
"chthoniō",
"chthonio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniō",
"links": [
[
"chthoniō",
"chthonio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniīs",
"links": [
[
"chthoniīs",
"chthoniis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniōs",
"links": [
[
"chthoniōs",
"chthonios#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniās",
"links": [
[
"chthoniās",
"chthonias#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniō",
"links": [
[
"chthoniō",
"chthonio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniā",
"links": [
[
"chthoniā",
"chthonia#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniō",
"links": [
[
"chthoniō",
"chthonio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniīs",
"links": [
[
"chthoniīs",
"chthoniis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniī",
"links": [
[
"chthoniī",
"chthonii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chthonius"
},
"expansion": "chthonius (feminine chthonia, neuter chthonium); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chthonius"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"underworldly, chthonian, chthonic"
],
"id": "en-chthonius-la-adj-it6R7l6s",
"links": [
[
"underworldly",
"underworldly"
],
[
"chthonian",
"chthonian"
],
[
"chthonic",
"chthonic"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʰtʰɔ.ni.ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈktɔː.ni.us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "chthonius"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "ctonio"
},
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Chthonius"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "grc:χθόνιος<t:in or under the ground><id:underground>",
"id": "underworldly",
"text": "+",
"title": "chthonius",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-ōm\nProto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm\nProto-Hellenic *kʰtʰṓn\nAncient Greek χθών (khthṓn)\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nAncient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos)\nAncient Greek χθόνιος (khthónios)bor.\nLatin chthonius\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"underground\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"earth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"earth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"earth\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰeǵʰ-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-ōm\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰéǵʰōm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*kʰtʰṓn\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χθών\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"χθόνιος\", \"gloss\" : \"in or under the ground\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"chthonius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-id=\"underworldly\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"chthonius\" id=\"Latin:_underworldly\">\nBorrowed from Ancient Greek χθόνιος (khthónios, “in or under the ground”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-\nProto-Indo-European *-ōm\nProto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm\nProto-Hellenic *kʰtʰṓn\nAncient Greek χθών (khthṓn)\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nAncient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos)\nAncient Greek χθόνιος (khthónios)bor.\nLatin chthonius\nBorrowed from Ancient Greek χθόνιος (khthónios, “in or under the ground”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chthonia",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonium",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonius",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniī",
"links": [
[
"chthoniī",
"chthonii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniī",
"links": [
[
"chthoniī",
"chthonii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniī",
"links": [
[
"chthoniī",
"chthonii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniōrum",
"links": [
[
"chthoniōrum",
"chthoniorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniārum",
"links": [
[
"chthoniārum",
"chthoniarum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniōrum",
"links": [
[
"chthoniōrum",
"chthoniorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniō",
"links": [
[
"chthoniō",
"chthonio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniō",
"links": [
[
"chthoniō",
"chthonio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniīs",
"links": [
[
"chthoniīs",
"chthoniis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniōs",
"links": [
[
"chthoniōs",
"chthonios#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniās",
"links": [
[
"chthoniās",
"chthonias#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniō",
"links": [
[
"chthoniō",
"chthonio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniā",
"links": [
[
"chthoniā",
"chthonia#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniō",
"links": [
[
"chthoniō",
"chthonio#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniīs",
"links": [
[
"chthoniīs",
"chthoniis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniī",
"links": [
[
"chthoniī",
"chthonii#Latin"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chthoniae",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chthonia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chthonius"
},
"expansion": "chthonius (feminine chthonia, neuter chthonium); first/second-declension adjective",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chthonius"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin adjectives",
"Latin entries with etymology texts",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin first and second declension adjectives",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
"Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeǵʰ-",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *dʰéǵʰōm",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"glosses": [
"underworldly, chthonian, chthonic"
],
"links": [
[
"underworldly",
"underworldly"
],
[
"chthonian",
"chthonian"
],
[
"chthonic",
"chthonic"
]
],
"tags": [
"adjective",
"declension-1",
"declension-2"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkʰtʰɔ.ni.ʊs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈktɔː.ni.us]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "chthonius"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chthonius meaning in All languages combined (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.